diff --git a/workbench/bin/start-workbench.ps1 b/workbench/bin/start-workbench.ps1
index 7243482..91c7465 100644
--- a/workbench/bin/start-workbench.ps1
+++ b/workbench/bin/start-workbench.ps1
@@ -19,14 +19,15 @@ param(
 $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
 $RepoRoot = (Resolve-Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot '..\..')).Path
 $WorkbenchDir = Join-Path $RepoRoot 'workbench'
-$PluginDir = Join-Path $WorkbenchDir 'plugin'
 $LocalYml = Join-Path $WorkbenchDir 'cordis.local.yml'
 
 # 1) 渲染 cordis.local.yml
 $template = Get-Content (Join-Path $WorkbenchDir 'cordis.template.yml') -Raw -Encoding UTF8
-$pluginDirPosix = ($PluginDir -replace '\\', '/')
+$workbenchDirPosix = ($WorkbenchDir -replace '\\', '/')
 $projectRootPosix = ($RepoRoot -replace '\\', '/')
-$rendered = $template.Replace('__PLUGIN_DIR__', $pluginDirPosix).Replace('__PROJECT_ROOT__', $projectRootPosix)
+# Windows 上 dsh 的 ESM 加载器要求 file:// URL
+$workbenchModuleUrl = 'file:///' + $workbenchDirPosix
+$rendered = $template.Replace('__WORKBENCH_DIR__', $workbenchModuleUrl).Replace('__PROJECT_ROOT__', $projectRootPosix)
 $rendered = $rendered -replace 'bridgePort: 8790', "bridgePort: $BridgePort"
 $rendered = $rendered -replace "consoleBaseUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:8765'", "consoleBaseUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:$ConsolePort'"
 [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($LocalYml, $rendered, (New-Object System.Text.UTF8Encoding($false)))
diff --git a/workbench/bin/start-workbench.sh b/workbench/bin/start-workbench.sh
index be12316..d56b13a 100644
--- a/workbench/bin/start-workbench.sh
+++ b/workbench/bin/start-workbench.sh
@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@ CONSOLE_PORT="${GYXX_CONSOLE_PORT:-8765}"
 BRIDGE_PORT="${GYXX_WB_BRIDGE_PORT:-8790}"
 
 # 1) 渲染 cordis.local.yml（插件路径必须为绝对路径）
+# dsh 的 ESM 加载器要求 file:// URL（Windows 上必须，POSIX 上同样可用）
 sed \
-  -e "s|__PLUGIN_DIR__|$WORKBENCH_DIR/plugin|g" \
+  -e "s|__WORKBENCH_DIR__|file://$WORKBENCH_DIR|g" \
   -e "s|__PROJECT_ROOT__|$REPO_ROOT|g" \
   -e "s|bridgePort: 8790|bridgePort: $BRIDGE_PORT|g" \
   -e "s|http://127.0.0.1:8765|http://127.0.0.1:$CONSOLE_PORT|g" \
diff --git a/workbench/cordis.template.yml b/workbench/cordis.template.yml
index f8bb4ea..8d922b8 100644
--- a/workbench/cordis.template.yml
+++ b/workbench/cordis.template.yml
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # GYXX 智能工作台 —— dsh Web 组合补丁（模板）。
-# 启动脚本会把 __PLUGIN_DIR__ / __PROJECT_ROOT__ 渲染为绝对路径后生成
+# 启动脚本会把 __WORKBENCH_DIR__ / __PROJECT_ROOT__ 渲染为绝对路径后生成
 # cordis.local.yml，再通过 `dsh web --patch workbench/cordis.local.yml` 加载。
-# 不要直接手工使用本文件：dsh 要求插件路径为绝对路径。
+# 不要直接手工使用本文件：dsh 要求插件路径为绝对路径（Windows 上必须是 file:// URL）。
 
 - insert:
     - id: gyxx-workbench
-      name: '__PLUGIN_DIR__/plugin/gyxx-workbench.mjs'
+      name: '__WORKBENCH_DIR__/plugin/gyxx-workbench.mjs'
       config:
         # gyxx 控制台 HTTP API（gyxx console，默认 8765 端口）
         consoleBaseUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:8765'