diff --git a/src/gyxx_flow/adapters/scrapling.py b/src/gyxx_flow/adapters/scrapling.py
index 3611017..862b242 100644
--- a/src/gyxx_flow/adapters/scrapling.py
+++ b/src/gyxx_flow/adapters/scrapling.py
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ def is_browser_timeout_error(error: BaseException) -> bool:
     )
 
 
-def _is_browser_closed_error(error: BaseException) -> bool:
-    """Recognize a browser target that disappeared during cleanup."""
+def is_browser_closed_error(error: BaseException) -> bool:
+    """Recognize a browser target that disappeared (page/context/browser)."""
 
     if any(
         error_type.__name__ == "TargetClosedError"
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class ScraplingBrowser:
                     # and context-manager cleanup.  The current state cannot
                     # be exported then, but that must not turn a successful
                     # download into a false failure or mask the action error.
-                    if not _is_browser_closed_error(exc):
+                    if not is_browser_closed_error(exc):
                         raise
         finally:
             try:
diff --git a/src/gyxx_flow/modules/content_marketing/chanmama_scraper.py b/src/gyxx_flow/modules/content_marketing/chanmama_scraper.py
index eb1bce3..353e9e2 100644
--- a/src/gyxx_flow/modules/content_marketing/chanmama_scraper.py
+++ b/src/gyxx_flow/modules/content_marketing/chanmama_scraper.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import time
 from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
 
+from gyxx_flow.adapters.scrapling import is_browser_closed_error
 from gyxx_flow.core.exit_codes import COOKIE_SKIP_EXIT_CODE
 from gyxx_flow.modules.content_marketing import chanmama_export
 from gyxx_flow.modules.content_marketing.runtime_paths import PATHS
@@ -141,17 +142,18 @@ def create_driver():
 
 
 def save_cookies(driver):
-    """保存 cookie 到文件"""
+    """保存 cookie 到文件。
+
+    写裸列表格式,与账号 vault 同步(sync_binding_state)和适配器
+    BrowserCookieStore 的绑定 cookie 文件格式保持一致 —— 同一文件
+    被三方读写,字典格式会让适配器下次启动/重建时直接拒绝加载。
+    """
     try:
         cookies = driver.get_cookies()
-        data = {
-            "cookies": cookies,
-            "timestamp": time.time(),
-        }
         cookie_path = Path(COOKIE_FILE)
         cookie_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
         temp_path = cookie_path.with_name(f".{cookie_path.name}.tmp")
-        temp_path.write_text(json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2), encoding="utf-8")
+        temp_path.write_text(json.dumps(cookies, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2), encoding="utf-8")
         os.replace(temp_path, cookie_path)
         print(f"💾 已保存 cookie ({len(cookies)} 条) 到: {COOKIE_FILE}")
         return True
@@ -163,6 +165,9 @@ def save_cookies(driver):
 def load_cookies(driver):
     """从文件加载 cookie 到浏览器
 
+    兼容两种格式: 裸列表(vault/适配器格式,按文件 mtime 判断时效)与
+    旧字典格式({"cookies": [...], "timestamp": ...})。
+
     Returns:
         bool: cookie 是否有效（有效期内）
     """
@@ -171,16 +176,20 @@ def load_cookies(driver):
         return False
 
     try:
-        data = json.loads(Path(COOKIE_FILE).read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        payload = json.loads(Path(COOKIE_FILE).read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        if isinstance(payload, list):
+            cookies = payload
+            timestamp = os.path.getmtime(COOKIE_FILE)
+        else:
+            cookies = payload.get("cookies", [])
+            timestamp = payload.get("timestamp", 0)
 
-        timestamp = data.get("timestamp", 0)
         age = time.time() - timestamp
 
         if age > COOKIE_MAX_AGE:
             print(f"⏰ cookie 已过期 ({int(age // 86400)} 天前)，需要重新登录")
             return False
 
-        cookies = data.get("cookies", [])
         if not cookies:
             print("📭 cookie 为空，需要重新登录")
             return False
@@ -1301,10 +1310,15 @@ def refresh_then_export_accounts(driver, urls, wait_seconds=REFRESH_WAIT_SECONDS
     """两阶段执行：先刷新所有账号全部分页，再等待并重新导出。
 
     运行中途登录态失效(目标页被重定向到登录页)时,自动用账号密码重新
-    登录并重试当前账号一次;整套运行最多自动重登一次,避免死循环。
+    登录并重试当前账号一次;浏览器/页面被外部关闭(如进程树被清理)时,
+    自动重建浏览器并恢复会话后重试当前账号一次。两种自愈整套运行各最多
+    一次,避免死循环。返回 (记录列表, 刷新摘要, 最终生效的驱动) —— 驱动
+    可能在重建后已不是调用方传入的那个,调用方需用返回值收尾关闭。
     """
     refresh_summaries = []
     relogin_state = {"attempted": False}
+    rebuild_state = {"attempted": False}
+    driver_box = {"driver": driver}
 
     def _relogin_if_expired(exc: BaseException) -> bool:
         """登录态失效类异常时自动重登一次;返回是否已恢复登录。"""
@@ -1313,7 +1327,7 @@ def refresh_then_export_accounts(driver, urls, wait_seconds=REFRESH_WAIT_SECONDS
         relogin_state["attempted"] = True
         print("🔐 检测到登录态失效,尝试账号密码自动重新登录...")
         try:
-            ok = login(driver)
+            ok = login(driver_box["driver"])
         except Exception as login_exc:
             print(f"⚠️ 自动重新登录异常: {login_exc}")
             return False
@@ -1321,6 +1335,51 @@ def refresh_then_export_accounts(driver, urls, wait_seconds=REFRESH_WAIT_SECONDS
             print("✅ 自动重新登录成功,重试当前账号")
         return bool(ok)
 
+    def _restore_session(current) -> bool:
+        """重建浏览器后按 profile → cookie 文件 → 账密的顺序恢复登录态。"""
+        try:
+            if verify_login(current):
+                return True
+            if load_cookies(current) and verify_login(current):
+                return True
+            return bool(login(current))
+        except Exception as exc:
+            print(f"⚠️ 重建后会话恢复异常: {exc}")
+            return False
+
+    def _rebuild_if_browser_closed(exc: BaseException) -> bool:
+        """浏览器/页面被外部关闭类异常时自愈一次;返回是否已恢复。
+
+        先尝试同一 context 重开新页(页面级死亡,登录态保留、代价最小);
+        context 也死了才整套重建驱动并按 profile → cookie → 账密恢复会话。
+        """
+        if rebuild_state["attempted"] or not is_browser_closed_error(exc):
+            return False
+        rebuild_state["attempted"] = True
+        print("🌐 检测到浏览器页面被关闭,尝试自愈...")
+        current = driver_box["driver"]
+        try:
+            current.reopen_page()
+            print("✅ 浏览器 context 存活,已重开新页面,重试当前账号")
+            return True
+        except Exception as reopen_exc:
+            print(f"ℹ️ 页面重开失败({reopen_exc}),改为整套重建浏览器...")
+        try:
+            current.quit()
+        except Exception:
+            # 旧驱动随浏览器一起死亡,清理失败不影响重建。
+            pass
+        try:
+            driver_box["driver"] = create_driver()
+        except Exception as create_exc:
+            print(f"⚠️ 浏览器重建失败: {create_exc}")
+            return False
+        if not _restore_session(driver_box["driver"]):
+            print("⚠️ 重建后会话恢复失败,放弃自动重试")
+            return False
+        print("✅ 浏览器重建完成,重试当前账号")
+        return True
+
     def _empty_summary(exc: BaseException) -> dict:
         return {
             "clicked": 0,
@@ -1336,15 +1395,15 @@ def refresh_then_export_accounts(driver, urls, wait_seconds=REFRESH_WAIT_SECONDS
         print(f"🔄 刷新阶段 博主 {index}/{len(urls)}: {url}")
         print(f"{'=' * 50}")
         try:
-            navigate_to_target(driver, url)
-            summary = refresh_zero_exposure_videos(driver)
+            navigate_to_target(driver_box["driver"], url)
+            summary = refresh_zero_exposure_videos(driver_box["driver"])
         except Exception as exc:
-            if _relogin_if_expired(exc):
+            if _relogin_if_expired(exc) or _rebuild_if_browser_closed(exc):
                 try:
-                    navigate_to_target(driver, url)
-                    summary = refresh_zero_exposure_videos(driver)
+                    navigate_to_target(driver_box["driver"], url)
+                    summary = refresh_zero_exposure_videos(driver_box["driver"])
                 except Exception as retry_exc:
-                    print(f"⚠️ 博主 {index} 重登后刷新仍失败: {retry_exc},继续下一个")
+                    print(f"⚠️ 博主 {index} 自愈后刷新仍失败: {retry_exc},继续下一个")
                     summary = _empty_summary(retry_exc)
             else:
                 print(f"⚠️ 博主 {index} 刷新扫描异常: {exc},继续下一个")
@@ -1367,9 +1426,9 @@ def refresh_then_export_accounts(driver, urls, wait_seconds=REFRESH_WAIT_SECONDS
         print(f"📌 导出阶段 博主 {index}/{len(urls)}: {url}")
         print(f"{'=' * 50}")
         try:
-            navigate_to_target(driver, url)
+            navigate_to_target(driver_box["driver"], url)
             pre_mtime = _max_excel_mtime()
-            excel_path = export_video_data(driver, pre_mtime)
+            excel_path = export_video_data(driver_box["driver"], pre_mtime)
             if not excel_path:
                 print(f"⚠️ 博主 {index} 导出失败,跳过")
                 continue
@@ -1377,23 +1436,23 @@ def refresh_then_export_accounts(driver, urls, wait_seconds=REFRESH_WAIT_SECONDS
             print(f"  解析出 {len(records)} 条视频记录")
             all_records.extend(records)
         except Exception as exc:
-            if _relogin_if_expired(exc):
+            if _relogin_if_expired(exc) or _rebuild_if_browser_closed(exc):
                 try:
-                    navigate_to_target(driver, url)
+                    navigate_to_target(driver_box["driver"], url)
                     pre_mtime = _max_excel_mtime()
-                    excel_path = export_video_data(driver, pre_mtime)
+                    excel_path = export_video_data(driver_box["driver"], pre_mtime)
                     if not excel_path:
-                        print(f"⚠️ 博主 {index} 重登后导出失败,跳过")
+                        print(f"⚠️ 博主 {index} 自愈后导出失败,跳过")
                         continue
                     records, _ = parse_chanmama_export(excel_path)
-                    print(f"  解析出 {len(records)} 条视频记录(重登后)")
+                    print(f"  解析出 {len(records)} 条视频记录(自愈后)")
                     all_records.extend(records)
                 except Exception as retry_exc:
-                    print(f"⚠️ 博主 {index} 重登后导出仍失败: {retry_exc},跳过")
+                    print(f"⚠️ 博主 {index} 自愈后导出仍失败: {retry_exc},跳过")
             else:
                 print(f"⚠️ 博主 {index} 导出异常: {exc},跳过")
 
-    return all_records, refresh_summaries
+    return all_records, refresh_summaries, driver_box["driver"]
 
 
 def export_video_data(driver, pre_mtime: float = 0):
@@ -1569,6 +1628,8 @@ def _wait_for_exported_excel(
     deadline 之后落盘的竞态；两个窗口内都未出现则返回 None。
     传入 driver 时每轮执行一次无害的 evaluate 以泵 Playwright 事件循环，
     确保 download 事件处理器(_save_download)在 sleep 轮询期间也能执行。
+    泵调用发现浏览器/页面已被外部关闭时，若文件已完整落盘则照常返回，
+    否则抛出原始关闭异常交由上层重建浏览器重试，不再空等满超时。
     """
     deadline = time.time() + max(timeout_seconds, 0)
     grace_deadline = deadline + max(grace_seconds, 0)
@@ -1577,8 +1638,17 @@ def _wait_for_exported_excel(
         if driver is not None:
             try:
                 driver.execute_script("1")
-            except Exception:
-                pass
+            except Exception as pump_exc:
+                if is_browser_closed_error(pump_exc):
+                    # 浏览器/页面被外部关闭(进程树清理等): 先看文件是否
+                    # 已在关闭前完整落盘，再决定放弃，避免误杀已完成下载。
+                    settled = _find_new_excel_after(pre_mtime)
+                    if settled is not None and (
+                        not os.path.exists(settled) or _download_complete(settled)
+                    ):
+                        return settled
+                    raise
+                # 其余瞬态异常(页面导航中等)不致命，继续轮询文件系统。
         new_path = _find_new_excel_after(pre_mtime)
         # 文件出现 ≠ 下载完成: 当前浏览器可能以最终名边下边写,截断的
         # zip 会让解析报 "File is not a zip file"。zip 的 EOCD 记录在
@@ -2290,7 +2360,8 @@ def main():
                 print("⚠️ 登录可能未成功,但继续尝试后续步骤...")
 
         # 4. 先刷新两个账号的全部分页，再统一等待并重新进入页面导出。
-        all_records, _refresh_summaries = refresh_then_export_accounts(
+        # 返回的驱动可能已在浏览器被外部关闭后重建,后续收尾必须用它。
+        all_records, _refresh_summaries, driver = refresh_then_export_accounts(
             driver, TARGET_URLS, wait_seconds=REFRESH_WAIT_SECONDS
         )
 
diff --git a/src/gyxx_flow/modules/content_marketing/scrapling_browser_facade.py b/src/gyxx_flow/modules/content_marketing/scrapling_browser_facade.py
index ba28e83..1f9aa66 100644
--- a/src/gyxx_flow/modules/content_marketing/scrapling_browser_facade.py
+++ b/src/gyxx_flow/modules/content_marketing/scrapling_browser_facade.py
@@ -229,6 +229,24 @@ class ScraplingDriver:
     def quit(self) -> None:
         self._owner.close()
 
+    def reopen_page(self) -> Any:
+        """Rebind to a fresh page inside the still-live context.
+
+        A page/tab can die (site closed it, renderer gone) while the browser
+        context survives with its login state.  Returns the new page, or
+        raises the underlying error when the context/browser is gone too —
+        the caller should rebuild the whole driver then.
+        """
+        context = self._owner.context
+        if context is None:
+            raise RuntimeError("Scrapling browser context is closed")
+        # 永远开新页: context.pages 里可能还挂着半死的目标页。
+        page = context.new_page()
+        self._page = page
+        self._owner.page = page
+        page.on("download", self._save_download)
+        return page
+
     def _save_download(self, download: Any) -> None:
         target = self._download_dir / download.suggested_filename
         download.save_as(str(target))
diff --git a/tests/modules/content_marketing/test_chanmama_refresh_before_export.py b/tests/modules/content_marketing/test_chanmama_refresh_before_export.py
index 6a0e3a1..db3b00c 100644
--- a/tests/modules/content_marketing/test_chanmama_refresh_before_export.py
+++ b/tests/modules/content_marketing/test_chanmama_refresh_before_export.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import json
+import time
 from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
 from types import SimpleNamespace
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ def test_refresh_then_export_waits_once_after_all_accounts(monkeypatch):
     monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "export_video_data", lambda _driver, mtime: events.append(("export", mtime)) or "x.xlsx")
     monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "parse_chanmama_excel", lambda _path: ([{"title": "video"}], None))
 
-    records, summaries = chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(object(), urls, wait_seconds=600)
+    records, summaries, _driver = chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(object(), urls, wait_seconds=600)
 
     assert len(records) == 2
     assert [item["clicked"] for item in summaries] == [2, 0]
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ def test_refresh_then_export_skips_wait_when_nothing_needs_refresh(monkeypatch):
     monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "_max_excel_mtime", lambda: 0.0)
     monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "export_video_data", lambda *_args: None)
 
-    records, _ = chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(object(), ["account-1"], wait_seconds=600)
+    records, _, _driver = chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(object(), ["account-1"], wait_seconds=600)
 
     assert records == []
     assert sleeps == []
@@ -159,7 +161,6 @@ def test_missing_get_data_button_does_not_trigger_refresh_wait(monkeypatch):
     chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(object(), ["account-1"], wait_seconds=600)
     assert sleeps == []
 
-
 def test_create_driver_uses_runtime_cdp_profile_and_download_bindings(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
     calls = []
     expected = object()
@@ -183,7 +184,9 @@ def test_create_driver_uses_runtime_cdp_profile_and_download_bindings(monkeypatc
         "profile_dir": str(tmp_path / "profile"),
         "download_dir": str(tmp_path / "downloads"),
         "cdp_url": "http://127.0.0.1:22002",
-        "stealthy": True,
+        "stealthy": False,
+        "real_chrome": True,
+        "extra_flags": ["--no-proxy-server"],
     }]
 
 
@@ -206,8 +209,10 @@ def test_create_driver_starts_scrapling_without_cdp(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
 
     assert chanmama.create_driver() is expected
     assert calls[0]["cdp_url"] is None
-    assert calls[0]["stealthy"] is True
-    assert calls[0]["real_chrome"] is False
+    # 蝉妈妈 WAF 拉黑代理出口且压制 stealthy 补丁,必须真 Chrome + 直连。
+    assert calls[0]["stealthy"] is False
+    assert calls[0]["real_chrome"] is True
+    assert calls[0]["extra_flags"] == ["--no-proxy-server"]
 
 
 def test_create_driver_falls_back_when_bound_cdp_is_not_listening(
@@ -241,8 +246,8 @@ def test_create_driver_falls_back_when_bound_cdp_is_not_listening(
         "http://127.0.0.1:22002",
         None,
     ]
-    assert all(call["stealthy"] is True for call in calls)
-    assert calls[1]["real_chrome"] is False
+    assert all(call["stealthy"] is False for call in calls)
+    assert all(call["real_chrome"] is True for call in calls)
 
 
 def test_create_driver_keeps_explicit_remote_cdp_fail_closed(
@@ -761,7 +766,7 @@ def test_refresh_then_export_relogin_on_expired_session(monkeypatch):
         chanmama, "parse_chanmama_excel", lambda _path: ([{"title": "v"}], None)
     )
 
-    records, summaries = chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(
+    records, summaries, _driver = chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(
         object(), ["account-1", "account-2"], wait_seconds=0
     )
 
@@ -791,7 +796,7 @@ def test_refresh_then_export_no_relogin_for_other_errors(monkeypatch):
         chanmama, "export_video_data", lambda _driver, mtime: None
     )
 
-    records, _summaries = chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(
+    records, _summaries, _driver = chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(
         object(), ["account-1"], wait_seconds=0
     )
 
@@ -889,3 +894,192 @@ def test_wait_video_list_ready_tolerates_transient_script_errors(monkeypatch):
             return True
 
     chanmama._wait_video_list_ready(FlakyDriver(), 2)  # 不抛即通过
+
+
+def test_wait_for_exported_excel_raises_when_browser_closed_without_file(monkeypatch):
+    """浏览器被外部关闭且文件未落盘: 立刻抛出关闭异常,不再空等满超时。"""
+
+    class _DeadDriver:
+        def execute_script(self, _script, *_args):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Page.goto: Target page, context or browser has been closed"
+            )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama.time, "time", lambda: 1000.0)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        chanmama.time,
+        "sleep",
+        lambda _seconds: pytest.fail("浏览器已死不应继续轮询等待"),
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "_find_new_excel_after", lambda _pre_mtime: None)
+
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="closed"):
+        chanmama._wait_for_exported_excel(0.0, driver=_DeadDriver())
+
+
+def test_wait_for_exported_excel_returns_file_if_landed_before_close(monkeypatch):
+    """关闭前下载已完整落盘: 仍返回文件路径,不因浏览器死亡误报失败。"""
+
+    class _DeadDriver:
+        def execute_script(self, _script, *_args):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Download.save_as: Target page, context or browser has been closed"
+            )
+
+    landed = None
+
+    def fake_find(_pre_mtime):
+        return landed
+
+    def fake_complete(path):
+        return True
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama.time, "time", lambda: 1000.0)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "_find_new_excel_after", fake_find)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "_download_complete", fake_complete)
+
+    landed = "/downloads/关闭前已落盘.xlsx"
+    assert chanmama._wait_for_exported_excel(0.0, driver=_DeadDriver()) == landed
+
+
+def test_refresh_then_export_rebuilds_browser_when_closed_mid_run(monkeypatch):
+    """导出中途浏览器被外部关闭: 重建驱动+恢复会话后重试当前博主一次。"""
+    events = []
+    navigate_calls = []
+    dead_driver = object()
+    live_driver = object()
+
+    def fake_navigate(current, url):
+        navigate_calls.append((current, url))
+        if current is dead_driver and len(navigate_calls) == 3:
+            # 刷新阶段两个博主都成功后,导出阶段第一次导航即发现浏览器死亡
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "蝉妈妈目标页加载失败: x.html; Page.goto: "
+                "Target page, context or browser has been closed"
+            )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "navigate_to_target", fake_navigate)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        chanmama,
+        "refresh_zero_exposure_videos",
+        lambda _driver: {
+            "clicked": 0, "pending": 0, "zero_without_button": 0,
+            "unconfirmed": 0, "pages": 1,
+        },
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama.time, "sleep", lambda _seconds: None)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "_max_excel_mtime", lambda: 0.0)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        chanmama, "export_video_data", lambda _driver, mtime: "x.xlsx"
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        chanmama, "parse_chanmama_excel", lambda _path: ([{"title": "v"}], None)
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "verify_login", lambda _driver: True)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        chanmama, "create_driver", lambda: events.append("rebuild") or live_driver
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        chanmama, "login",
+        lambda _driver: events.append("login") or True,
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        chanmama, "load_cookies",
+        lambda _driver: (_ for _ in ()).throw(
+            AssertionError("profile 直接恢复,不应走 cookie 文件")
+        ),
+    )
+
+    class _DeadDriver:
+        def quit(self):
+            events.append("quit-dead")
+
+    dead_driver = _DeadDriver()
+
+    records, _summaries, final_driver = chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(
+        dead_driver, ["account-1", "account-2"], wait_seconds=0
+    )
+
+    assert events == ["quit-dead", "rebuild"]      # 旧驱动清理+重建一次
+    assert final_driver is live_driver             # 返回重建后的驱动供收尾关闭
+    assert len(records) == 2                       # 两个博主最终都导出成功
+    # 第 3 次导航(导出博主 1)发现死亡,其后所有导航都在重建后的驱动上
+    assert all(current is live_driver for current, _ in navigate_calls[3:])
+
+
+def test_refresh_then_export_rebuilds_only_once(monkeypatch):
+    """环境持续杀浏览器时只重建一次,后续博主直接失败不再死循环。"""
+    rebuilds = []
+
+    def always_closed_navigate(_driver, _url):
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "Page.goto: Target page, context or browser has been closed"
+        )
+
+    class _Driver:
+        def quit(self):
+            pass
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "navigate_to_target", always_closed_navigate)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        chanmama, "create_driver", lambda: rebuilds.append(1) or _Driver()
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "verify_login", lambda _driver: True)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama.time, "sleep", lambda _seconds: None)
+
+    records, _summaries, _driver = chanmama.refresh_then_export_accounts(
+        _Driver(), ["account-1", "account-2"], wait_seconds=0
+    )
+
+    assert len(rebuilds) == 1
+    assert records == []
+
+
+def test_save_cookies_writes_adapter_list_format(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+    """cookie 文件与 vault/适配器共用,必须写裸列表而不是字典。"""
+    cookie_file = tmp_path / "cookies.json"
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "COOKIE_FILE", str(cookie_file))
+
+    class _Driver:
+        @staticmethod
+        def get_cookies():
+            return [{"name": "session", "domain": ".chanmama.com"}]
+
+    assert chanmama.save_cookies(_Driver()) is True
+    payload = json.loads(cookie_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+    assert payload == [{"name": "session", "domain": ".chanmama.com"}]
+
+
+def test_load_cookies_accepts_list_and_legacy_dict(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+    cookie_file = tmp_path / "cookies.json"
+
+    injected = []
+
+    class _Driver:
+        @staticmethod
+        def get(_url):
+            return None
+
+        @staticmethod
+        def add_cookie(cookie):
+            injected.append(cookie)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama, "COOKIE_FILE", str(cookie_file))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(chanmama.time, "sleep", lambda _seconds: None)
+
+    cookie_file.write_text(
+        json.dumps([{"name": "a", "domain": ".chanmama.com"}]),
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+    assert chanmama.load_cookies(_Driver()) is True
+    assert [c["name"] for c in injected] == ["a"]
+
+    injected.clear()
+    cookie_file.write_text(
+        json.dumps(
+            {"cookies": [{"name": "b", "domain": ".chanmama.com"}], "timestamp": time.time()}
+        ),
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+    assert chanmama.load_cookies(_Driver()) is True
+    assert [c["name"] for c in injected] == ["b"]